In the hierarchy of controls, which is the most effective control?

• A. Elimination
• B. PPE
• C. Administrative controls
• D. Substitution

Answer: (A)

Eliminating the hazard from the workplace is the most effective way to control risk because it removes exposure entirely. When the hazard is gone, there’s nothing to expose workers to, so injuries or health effects can be prevented at the source. Substitution lowers risk by using a less hazardous option, but the hazard still exists in some form, so risk isn’t fully eliminated. PPE provides protection only if used correctly every time and does not remove the hazard, and administrative controls rely on human behavior, which can fail. Therefore, removing the hazard outright is the strongest, most reliable approach.